("Microelectromechanical Systems": Sistemas Microeletromecânicos)

O termo MEMS (Microelectromechanical systems) foi primeiramente utilizado nos Estados Unidos, para designar máquinas contendo partes móveis - tão pequenas quanto um fio de cabelo -, possuindo não só componentes elétricos, mas também mecânicos, montados sobre um substrato de silício. Refere-se, ainda, a Microsistemas, Microestruturas, Tecnologia de Microestruturas (MST - Microstructure Technology) e Mecatrônica.

Desde seu início, os avanços desta área têm propiciado intrigantes possibilidades, revolucionando não só a produção, como também o uso de sensores e detetores. Os MEMS têm permitido novas soluções, as quais vêm acelerando os desenvolvimentos nos campos de telecomunicações, biotecnologia, monitoramento ambiental, tecnologia da informação, entre outros.

Hoje em dia, este conceito generalizou-se e expandiu-se chegando até os canais microfluídicos: canais tão estreitos quanto um fio de cabelo (cerca de 100 mícrons !) que, tirando partido das propriedades dos fluidos, permite separá-los. Tais canais constituem-se no componente fundamental daquilo que tem sido denominado "laboratório-num-chip", do inglês "lab-on-a-chip".

O lab-num-chip, na verdade, trata-se de um pequeno chip (freqüentemente do tamanho de um cartão de crédito), contendo canais microfluídicos, nos quais líquidos e gases podem ser separados e conduzidos para microsensores que realizam a análise dos seus elementos constituintes.

Não temos dúvida - e é bem por isto que resolvemos disponibilizar esta Biblioteca -, de que este tema acabará por se constituir numa das grandes fronteiras do desenvolvimento de sistemas a serviço da análise química, em todas as suas acepções, sobretudo quando pudermos acrescentar a tais sistemas a "inteligência", por exemplo, via domínio e aplicação do reconhecimento molecular.

Oswaldo Luiz Alves, Novembro de 2005.
Versão 2.0

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